Hebrews 11:1
Ἔστιν δὲ πίστις ἐλπιζομένων ὑπόστασις, πραγμάτων ἔλεγχος οὐ βλεπομένων.
Now faith is the substance of hoping; the proof of things not being seen.
Paraphrase: Now let’s take a closer look at what faith is. We have been saying that we only can enter into God’s rest when we have faith in the good news preached to us (Hebrews 4:2), that we are not to be lazy but are to imitate those who through faith and patience inherit the promises (Hebrews 6:12), that we are to draw near to God with a sincere heart in full assurance of faith (Hebrews 10:22), that the righteous live by faith (Hebrews 10:38), and that we are not of those who shrink back to destruction but of those who have faith to the preserving of our souls. (Hebrews 10:39) Well then, what is this faith which is so critical in our life and walk with God? The first thing we can say is that faith takes the things that we hope for and makes them real in our minds. By faith, those things which are in the future and which we are earnestly desiring, become present realities. We begin to enjoy them almost as if we already had them in our possession. Furthermore, our faith is a solid conviction that the invisible realities of our religion really do exist, and we experience the power of these realities even though they are invisible to us.
Comments:
Note the peculiar position of εστιν.
Westcott says (p352) that πίστις is anarthrous because it is referring to faith in its abstract conception and not specifically the Christian faith or doctrines. Owen says that faith gives the things hoped for, a real existence in our minds. He writes (p8):
It is faith alone that takes believers out of this world whilst they are in it, that exalts them above it whilst they are under its rage; that enables them to live upon things future and invisible, giving such a real subsistence unto their power in them, and victorious evidence of their reality and truth in themselves, as secures them from fainting under all oppositions, temptations, and persecutions whatever.
Calvin (bottom of p261): Then these two things, though apparently inconsistent, do yet perfectly harmonize when we speak of faith; for the Spirit of God shews to us hidden things, the knowledge of which cannot reach our senses: Promised to us is eternal life, but it is promised to the dead; we are assured of a happy resurrection, but we are as yet involved in corruption; we are pronounced just, as yet sin dwells in us; we hear that we are happy, but we are as yet in the midst of many miseries; an abundance of all good things is promised to us, but still we often hunger and thirst; God proclaims that he will come quickly, but He seems deaf when we cry to Him. What would become of us were we not supported by hope, and did not our minds emerge out of the midst of darkness above the world through the light of God’s word and of his Spirit? Faith, then, is rightly said to be the subsistence or substance of things which are as yet the objects of hope and the evidence of things not seen.
Hebrews 11:2
ἐν ταύτῃ γὰρ ἐμαρτυρήθησαν οἱ πρεσβύτεροι.
For by this, the elders were testified.
Paraphrase: Now it is this faith, which brought down God’s commendation on the saints of old. I know that the Jewish teachers are pressuring you to return to the old, Jewish faith. They are urging you to return to the old religion of Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and all the other saints that we look back on with so much admiration. You should know, brothers and sisters, that with this sentiment, I am in complete agreement. I too want you to walk in the footsteps of these great men, but should we not ask ourselves what it was that made these men so great? Why was it that God was so pleased with them? Well, here is the truth; it was their faith that made them great. It was their faith in the Great Promiser which enabled them to look into the future and, even though they could not see it clearly or understand it entirely, yet they continued to trust the One who had made these promises. They trusted that He who promised was faithful (Hebrews 10:23) and would bring to pass all that He had spoken. (Joshua 23:14) Because of this implicit trust in God, they received God’s commendation. Now this is the kind of life that pleases God, and this is what it means to walk in the footsteps of the great saints of the past. We should live as they lived and be men and women of the promise; that is men and women whose lives are controlled and driven by our hope in what God has promised us. Consider with me some examples of this heroic faith which God’s people showed in the past.
Comments:
Elders here as in Psalm 105:22.
The agent of the testifying here is God.
Hebrews 11:3
Πίστει νοοῦμεν κατηρτίσθαι τοὺς αἰῶνας ῥήματι Θεοῦ, εἰς τὸ μὴ ἐκ φαινομένων, τὸ βλεπόμενον γεγονέναι.
By faith, we understand the universe to be built by the word of God so that what is being seen to become not by visible things.
Paraphrase: Let’s begin our study of faith at the very beginning. How do we account for the origin of this universe? That some all-powerful person brought this universe into existence is obvious to every thinking person, (Romans 1:20), but how was it created? What are the details of how this was accomplished? To this question, our faith gives us the answer when we read in the book of Genesis about God creating the world in six days. He called the things, that were not, into existence. (Romans 4:17) Now it is by faith that we believe this history of Moses to be the very word of God. Everything we see around us was formed, not from things already existing, but ex nihilo. The arrogant scholars of this age are not able to understand this; but the wisdom we have from God sees the truth of it and rejoices in it.
Comments:
The preposition εις το goes with the infinitive γεγονέναι forming an articular infinitive. (BBG 32.15)
Compare 2 Maccabees 7:28. Pohle (p8): Though the Scriptural and ecclesiastical concept of Creation was more or less unknown to the most enlightened pagan philosophers of antiquity, as Plato and Aristotle, it is not one at which it was impossible for human reason to arrive without supernatural aid. With the possible exception of the teleological, all the arguments by which we are able to demonstrate the existence of God show that He is the absolute Creator of the universe, and they would be incomplete without this final conclusion. De facto, however, human reason is indebted to Divine Revelation for the true concept of Creation, which philosophy might have found, but in matter of fact did not find. This service which Revelation has rendered to reason is the more important because the concept of Creation clarifies our idea of God. For unless we know God as the Creator of all things, we do not know the true God.
Hebrews 11:4
Πίστει πλείονα θυσίαν Ἅβελ παρὰ Κάϊν προσήνεγκεν τῷ Θεῷ, δι’ ἧς ἐμαρτυρήθη εἶναι δίκαιος, μαρτυροῦντος ἐπὶ τοῖς δώροις αὐτοῦ τοῦ Θεοῦ· καὶ δι’ αὐτῆς, ἀποθανὼν, ἔτι λαλεῖ.
By faith, a better sacrifice than Cain, Abel brought to God through which he was testified to be righteous, God testifying to his gifts, and, through her, being dead, he still speaks.
Paraphrase: Now let’s move to our first personal example of the power of faith. The brothers Cain and Abel, we are told, both brought a sacrifice to God. God, however, was not pleased with Cain’s sacrifice while with Abel’s sacrifice, He was pleased. What made the difference? Why did God accept Abel’s gift and reject Cain’s gift? The answer again is faith. Abel had remembered YHWH’s instructions pertaining to sacrifice and had followed these carefully. Cain, however, was careless and didn’t pay much attention to what God had said on this point. He just followed his own heart. (Leviticus 10:1) You see how it was faith which made the difference; it was faith which caused Abel to pay careful attention to everything God had commanded them and to follow these closely. Because of this, God placed His stamp of approval on Abel’s offering and rejected Cain’s. Now this example of Abel still preaches to us today. We too, like Abel, must hear God’s word, believe it, and practice it. (James 1:22)
Comments:
Luther: Here the apostle determines clearly that the importance of the sacrifices and the entire value of the merit did not lie in the worthiness or the greatness of the work, but that faith is the cause; for God weighs the spirits and looks at the hearts. Works 29.232.
Fairbairn notes (p296) that since Abel’s sacrifice was by faith, we must conclude that God had made His mind known on this matter of sacrifice on some previous occasion unknown to us. The faith mentioned here could not have been a simple belief in God’s existence since Cain, as well as Abel, certainly had that kind of faith.
Hebrews 11:5
Πίστει Ἑνὼχ μετετέθη, τοῦ μὴ ἰδεῖν θάνατον· καὶ οὐχ ηὑρίσκετο, διότι μετέθηκεν αὐτὸν ὁ Θεός. πρὸ γὰρ τῆς μεταθέσεως, μεμαρτύρηται εὐαρεστηκέναι τῷ Θεῷ.
By faith, Enoch being transferred, in order that he might not see death and was not found because God had transferred him; for before the transfer, it was testified to please God.
Paraphrase: Now consider Enoch. Recall that he was the man who just disappeared one day; his relatives searched high and low for him but were not able to find him. Now God has left on record that while this man was living on earth, he walked with God in a life of close fellowship and intimacy. (Genesis 5:22) As a result of this, God chose to transfer Enoch to glory but not by the usual means. Instead, God took him, not by bodily death, but by His own immediate action of transferring him from earth to heaven. That is why he disappeared so suddenly. Now here we see such a clear example of what God thinks of faith. God rewarded this man by causing him to bypass all the distress and pain of death and bringing him straightaway to His rest. (Hebrews 4:10) This is what I said previously about the elders having God’s commendation; God favored Enoch because of His faith. (Hebrews 11:2)
Comments:
The last clause of Enoch pleasing God is based on the LXX: καὶ εὐηρέστησεν [pleased] Ενωχ τῷ θεῷ καὶ οὐχ ηὑρίσκετο…
For ἰδεῖν, see BBG 32.16.
Hebrews 11:6
χωρὶς δὲ πίστεως, ἀδύνατον εὐαρεστῆσαι. πιστεῦσαι γὰρ δεῖ τὸν προσερχόμενον τῷ Θεῷ, ὅτι ἔστιν, καὶ τοῖς ἐκζητοῦσιν αὐτὸν, μισθαποδότης γίνεται.
Now without faith, impossible to please, for the one coming to God is necessary to believe that He is and to those seeking Him, he is the rewarder.
Paraphrase: But, you might object, I do not find that Moses says anything about Enoch’s faith. It is true that he does not explicitly mention Enoch’s faith. Yet, when we are told that Enoch pleased God, we know that he must have had faith because it is impossible to please God unless one has faith. In fact, this is the main point of what I am trying to teach you. If you do not have faith in God, then you cut yourself off from God’s favor. This is what the Jewish religious teachers, who are pressuring you, don’t understand. They want you to adopt the religion of the patriarchs, but they don’t realize that the patriarchs lived by faith in God. They had an unqualified trust in God and all that He taught them. They did not, as the Jewish teachers do, trust in their own understanding. On the contrary, they looked to God to direct their paths. They were not wise in their own eyes but feared God and hated evil. (Proverbs 3:5-8) Let me break this down for you. This faith, which lived in the heart of the old saints and meets with Gods approval, requires that we embrace two ideas with all our heart and without any reservation.
First, we must believe that God exists, obviously.
Second, we must have an implicit confidence that when God speaks, He means what He says. If God gives us a promise, then we believe that He will keep that promise. If God teaches us something, then we know it is true just because He taught it. If God gives us a command, then we know immediately and implicitly that this command is the best and happiest path of life for us. This kind of wholescale surrender to God is what brings God’s commendation. (Psalm 147:10-11) This is what faith does in the life of a person, and it was because of this faith that God took Enoch to his rest without experiencing the pains of death.
Comments:
The Westminster Confession states this truth so clearly:
By this faith, a Christian believeth to be true whatsoever is revealed in the Word, for the authority of God Himself speaking therein; and acteth differently upon that which each particular passage thereof containeth; yielding obedience to the commands, trembling at the threatenings, and embracing the promises of God for this life, and that which is to come. But the principal acts of saving faith are accepting, receiving, and resting upon Christ alone for justification, sanctification, and eternal life, by virtue of the covenant of grace.
Hebrews 11:7
Πίστει χρηματισθεὶς Νῶε περὶ τῶν μηδέπω βλεπομένων, εὐλαβηθεὶς, κατεσκεύασεν κιβωτὸν εἰς σωτηρίαν τοῦ οἴκου αὐτοῦ, δι’ ἧς κατέκρινεν τὸν κόσμον, καὶ τῆς κατὰ πίστιν δικαιοσύνης, ἐγένετο κληρονόμος.
By faith, Noah, being notified, concerning the not yet visible things, fearing, built an ark for salvation of his house through which he judged the world and became heir of the righteousness according to faith.
Paraphrase: Noah too is an example of faith. God spoke to him and told him what was about to happen. How did Noah respond? In keeping with God’s word, he immediately set about building an ark for the saving of his family. Everyone must have thought he was crazy, but Noah kept on building. There was no sign of a flood, no rain, no storms, no wind, no nothing. All Noah had was the word of God, but that was enough for him. Because he had the kind of faith I’ve described above, he kept on building. He was a God-fearer which is just another way of saying that he firmly believed that God would reward all those who were diligently seeking Him. (Hebrews 11:6) Perhaps you might ask, what was this great blessing which God gave to Noah? It was the status of being right with God. It was that status of being one of those whom God favored. This status was not achieved by Noah’s strict obedience to God’s law. (Romans 3:27-28) On the contrary, this righteousness was God’s gift imputed to Noah the moment he placed his full trust in God. (Romans 9:30-33) Now this man, declared righteous by God, was a standing rebuke to the wicked society in which he lived. They laughed and mocked his folly; but when the rain began to fall, they remembered his word.
Comments:
Bloomfield (p525): The term χρηματίϑεσθαι is often, as here, used of having a divine revelation, or being divinely inspired.
εὐλαβηθεὶς = i.e. fearing God, the Old Testament word for piety.
Hebrews 11:8
Πίστει καλούμενος, Ἀβραὰμ ὑπήκουσεν ἐξελθεῖν εἰς τόπον ὃν ἤμελλεν λαμβάνειν εἰς κληρονομίαν, καὶ ἐξῆλθεν, μὴ ἐπιστάμενος ποῦ ἔρχεται.
By faith, being called, Abram obeyed to depart into a place which he was about to receive for an inheritance, and he departed, not knowing where he was going.
Paraphrase: Now let’s see the triumph of faith in the life of Abram. Abram received a call which must have sounded so unreasonable. (Genesis 12:1) God told him to pack up his family and to start traveling to a new home; and where was this new home? God didn’t tell him. That’s right; he had no idea where he was going. Now how did Abram respond to this call? We read very simply that Abram gathered up his things and set out just as YHWH had instructed him to do. (Genesis 12:4) How could he do this? To us it seems so irrational and even reckless. Well here is where faith comes in. What we reckon to be reckless and poorly planned, Abram reckons as the very best and wisest course of action. The reason is simple; where God calls, faith obeys. Faith has an implicit trust that God’s call is always the best course of action for anyone to take. (Romans 8:28) God promised to give Abram a plot of land as his inheritance; and when Abram hears this call and promise, he gets up and obeys even though he had no idea what the destination was.
Comments:
Heb 11:9
Πίστει παρῴκησεν εἰς γῆν τῆς ἐπαγγελίας, ὡς ἀλλοτρίαν, ἐν σκηναῖς κατοικήσας μετὰ Ἰσαὰκ καὶ Ἰακὼβ, τῶν συνκληρονόμων τῆς ἐπαγγελίας τῆς αὐτῆς.
By faith, he lived as an alien in the land of promise, as a foreign land, living in tents with Isaac and Jacob, fellow-heirs of the same promise.
Paraphrase: When he actually did arrive in the land which God had promised him, he was still just a resident alien. It was as though he were living in a foreign country even though God had given him the full title to this property. This is clear because he and his sons lived in tents, even though the promise applied to each of them. The only property they really owned was a cemetery plot. (Genesis 23:4)
Comments:
For αὐτῆς, see BBG 12.11.
Owen surmises that Jacob would have been 16-18 yrs old when Abraham died. “Yet,” writes Owen,
there is no need to confine it unto the same time; the sameness of condition only seems to be intended. For as Abraham was a sojourner in the land of Canaan, without any inheritance or possession, living in tents, so was it also with Isaac and Jacob, and with them alone. Jacob was the last of his posterity who lived as a sojourner in Canaan; all those after him lived in Egypt, and came not into Canaan until they took possession of it for themselves. source
Heb 11:10
ἐξεδέχετο γὰρ τὴν τοὺς θεμελίους ἔχουσαν πόλιν, ἧς τεχνίτης καὶ δημιουργὸς ὁ Θεός.
For he was looking for a city which had foundations, whose architect and builder was God.
Paraphrase: Now why was Abram willing to live in such a way when God had promised him this land? Why didn’t he demand to take immediate possession of this land which God had promised him? The reason is this; he was looking for a different kind of city. The inheritance which God had promised him was not just an earthly, physical city. Abram was looking for a city that was permanent, a city where the homes and buildings were built on solid, permanent foundations. He was tired of living in tents as he had lived most of his life. He was earnestly seeking a city which had been designed and built by God Himself.
Comments:
θεμελίους is plural here; see Stuart.
Heb 11:11
Πίστει καὶ, αὐτῇ Σάρρᾳ [στεῖρα], δύναμιν εἰς καταβολὴν σπέρματος ἔλαβεν, καὶ παρὰ καιρὸν ἡλικίας, ἐπεὶ πιστὸν ἡγήσατο τὸν ἐπαγγειλάμενον.
By faith,
Paraphrase:
Comments:
Heb 11:12
διὸ καὶ ἀφ’ ἑνὸς ἐγεννήθησαν, καὶ ταῦτα νενεκρωμένου, καθὼς τὰ ἄστρα τοῦ οὐρανοῦ τῷ πλήθει, καὶ ὡς ἡ ἄμμος ἡ παρὰ τὸ χεῖλος τῆς θαλάσσης ἡ ἀναρίθμητος.
Heb 11:13
Κατὰ πίστιν ἀπέθανον οὗτοι πάντες, μὴ λαβόντες τὰς ἐπαγγελίας, ἀλλὰ πόρρωθεν αὐτὰς ἰδόντες, καὶ ἀσπασάμενοι, καὶ ὁμολογήσαντες ὅτι ξένοι καὶ παρεπίδημοί εἰσιν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς.
According to faith, these all died, not receiving the promises but seeing them from a distance and welcoming and confessing that they were strangers and pilgrims on the earth.
Paraphrase: Now consider all the lives of these saints. They lived and died under the promise of God. I mean by this that this promise was the driving factor of their life. They were people of faith, and their faith was holding on to God’s promise. So strong was this faith, that they rejoiced in God’s promise even when they did not receive the promise immediately. Some even came to the end of their life and died without having received the very thing which God had promised them. Nevertheless, their eye was so fixed on God’s word of promise that they appeared to other people to be just pilgrims passing through or as if they were people living in a foreign land.
Comments:
Heb 11:14
οἱ γὰρ τοιαῦτα λέγοντες ἐμφανίζουσιν ὅτι πατρίδα ἐπιζητοῦσιν.
Heb 11:15
καὶ εἰ μὲν ἐκείνης ἐμνημόνευον ἀφ’ ἧς ἐξέβησαν, εἶχον ἂν καιρὸν ἀνακάμψαι.
Heb 11:16
νῦν δὲ κρείττονος ὀρέγονται, τοῦτ’ ἔστιν, ἐπουρανίου. διὸ οὐκ ἐπαισχύνεται αὐτοὺς ὁ Θεὸς, Θεὸς ἐπικαλεῖσθαι αὐτῶν· ἡτοίμασεν γὰρ αὐτοῖς πόλιν.
Heb 11:17
Πίστει προσενήνοχεν Ἀβραὰμ τὸν Ἰσαὰκ. πειραζόμενος, καὶ τὸν μονογενῆ προσέφερεν ὁ τὰς ἐπαγγελίας ἀναδεξάμενος,
Heb 11:18
πρὸς ὃν ἐλαλήθη ὅτι, Ἐν Ἰσαὰκ κληθήσεταί σοι σπέρμα,
Heb 11:19
λογισάμενος ὅτι καὶ ἐκ νεκρῶν ἐγείρειν, δυνατὸς ὁ Θεός, ὅθεν αὐτὸν καὶ ἐν παραβολῇ, ἐκομίσατο.
Heb 11:20
Πίστει καὶ περὶ μελλόντων, εὐλόγησεν Ἰσαὰκ τὸν Ἰακὼβ καὶ τὸν Ἠσαῦ.
Heb 11:21
Πίστει Ἰακὼβ, ἀποθνῄσκων, ἕκαστον τῶν υἱῶν Ἰωσὴφ εὐλόγησεν, καὶ προσεκύνησεν ἐπὶ τὸ ἄκρον τῆς ῥάβδου αὐτοῦ.
Heb 11:22
Πίστει Ἰωσὴφ, τελευτῶν, περὶ τῆς ἐξόδου τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ ἐμνημόνευσεν, καὶ περὶ τῶν ὀστέων αὐτοῦ ἐνετείλατο.
Heb 11:23
Πίστει Μωϋσῆς, γεννηθεὶς, ἐκρύβη τρίμηνον ὑπὸ τῶν πατέρων αὐτοῦ, διότι εἶδον ἀστεῖον τὸ παιδίον, καὶ οὐκ ἐφοβήθησαν τὸ διάταγμα τοῦ βασιλέως.
By faith, Moses, being born, was hidden three months by his father because they saw a beautiful child and they were not afraid of the law of the king.
Paraphrase: It was also by faith that Moses ever even reached his adult years. Recall that the king had commanded every male, Hebrew infant to be cast into the Nile river. As soon as Moses was born, however, his parents saw that he was a special child. Because they feared God mora than man (Matt 10:28), they heaped contempt on the king’s law and saved Moses’ life by hiding him from the Egyptian abortionists.
Comments:
Heb 11:24
Πίστει Μωϋσῆς, μέγας γενόμενος, ἠρνήσατο λέγεσθαι υἱὸς θυγατρὸς Φαραώ,
By faith Moses, being great, denied to be said a son of the daughter of Pharaoh.
Paraphrase: It was also by faith that Moses, having grown to adulthood, had the strength of his convictions to turn down the offer to become the adopted son of none other than the daughter of Pharaoh herself. By denying this offer, Moses surrendered all rights to become a person of power and influence in Egypt, perhaps even to become Pharaoh himself.
Comments:
Heb 11:25
μᾶλλον ἑλόμενος συνκακουχεῖσθαι τῷ λαῷ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἢ πρόσκαιρον ἔχειν ἁμαρτίας ἀπόλαυσιν,
preferring rather to suffer hardship with the people of God than to have the transient enjoyment of sins.
Paraphrase: What did faith do for Moses when he faced this stunning offer? It gave him a new vision. Faith gave him to see that it was far better to suffer hardship and reproach with God’s people, than to enjoy the pleasure that comes from committing all kinds of sin. Here is why. Suffering with God’s people brings real and lasting pleasure; indulging ones self in a life of sin brings only a temporary and fleeting pleasure. Apart from this vision which faith gives, no one would ever be able to see this. Living in the lap of luxury in Pharaoh’s palace was a miserable existence for someone who knows the higher joy of a life lived in communion with God.
Comments:
Heb 11:26
μείζονα πλοῦτον ἡγησάμενος τῶν Αἰγύπτου θησαυρῶν τὸν ὀνειδισμὸν τοῦ Χριστοῦ· ἀπέβλεπεν γὰρ εἰς τὴν μισθαποδοσίαν.
Heb 11:27
Πίστει κατέλιπεν Αἴγυπτον, μὴ φοβηθεὶς τὸν θυμὸν τοῦ βασιλέως· τὸν γὰρ ἀόρατον ὡς ὁρῶν, ἐκαρτέρησεν.
Heb 11:28
Πίστει πεποίηκεν τὸ πάσχα καὶ τὴν πρόσχυσιν τοῦ αἵματος, ἵνα μὴ ὁ ὀλοθρεύων τὰ πρωτότοκα θίγῃ αὐτῶν.
Heb 11:29 Πίστει διέβησαν τὴν Ἐρυθρὰν Θάλασσαν, ὡς διὰ ξηρᾶς γῆς, ἧς πεῖραν λαβόντες, οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι κατεπόθησαν.
Heb 11:30 Πίστει τὰ τείχη Ἰεριχὼ ἔπεσαν, κυκλωθέντα ἐπὶ ἑπτὰ ἡμέρας.
Heb 11:31 Πίστει Ῥαὰβ ἡ πόρνη οὐ συναπώλετο τοῖς ἀπειθήσασιν, δεξαμένη τοὺς κατασκόπους μετ’ εἰρήνης.
Heb 11:32 Καὶ τί ἔτι λέγω; ἐπιλείψει με γὰρ διηγούμενον ὁ χρόνος, περὶ Γεδεών, Βαράκ, Σαμψών, Ἰεφθάε, Δαυίδ τε, καὶ Σαμουὴλ, καὶ τῶν προφητῶν,
Heb 11:33 οἳ διὰ πίστεως κατηγωνίσαντο βασιλείας, εἰργάσαντο* δικαιοσύνην, ἐπέτυχον ἐπαγγελιῶν· ἔφραξαν στόματα λεόντων,
Heb 11:34 ἔσβεσαν δύναμιν πυρός, ἔφυγον στόματα μαχαίρης· ἐδυναμώθησαν ἀπὸ ἀσθενείας, ἐγενήθησαν ἰσχυροὶ ἐν πολέμῳ, παρεμβολὰς ἔκλιναν ἀλλοτρίων.
Heb 11:35 Ἔλαβον γυναῖκες ἐξ ἀναστάσεως τοὺς νεκροὺς αὐτῶν· ἄλλοι δὲ ἐτυμπανίσθησαν, οὐ προσδεξάμενοι τὴν ἀπολύτρωσιν, ἵνα κρείττονος ἀναστάσεως τύχωσιν.
Heb 11:36 ἕτεροι δὲ ἐμπαιγμῶν καὶ μαστίγων, πεῖραν ἔλαβον· ἔτι, δὲ δεσμῶν καὶ φυλακῆς.
Heb 11:37 Ἐλιθάσθησαν, ἐπρίσθησαν, ἐν φόνῳ μαχαίρης ἀπέθανον· περιῆλθον ἐν μηλωταῖς, ἐν αἰγείοις δέρμασιν, ὑστερούμενοι, θλιβόμενοι, κακουχούμενοι·
Heb 11:38 ὧν οὐκ ἦν ἄξιος ὁ κόσμος· ἐπὶ ἐρημίαις πλανώμενοι, καὶ ὄρεσιν, καὶ σπηλαίοις, καὶ ταῖς ὀπαῖς τῆς γῆς.
Heb 11:39 Καὶ οὗτοι πάντες, μαρτυρηθέντες διὰ τῆς πίστεως, οὐκ ἐκομίσαντο τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν,
Heb 11:40 τοῦ Θεοῦ περὶ ἡμῶν κρεῖττόν τι προβλεψαμένου, ἵνα μὴ χωρὶς ἡμῶν τελειωθῶσιν.