Greek I; lesson 17

 

John 1:39

λέγει αὐτοῖς· ἔρχεσθε καὶ ὄψεσθε. ἦλθαν οὖν καὶ εἶδαν ποῦ μένει καὶ παρ᾽ αὐτῷ ἔμειναν τὴν ἡμέραν ἐκείνην· ὥρα ἦν ὡς δεκάτη.

ἔρχεσθε
ερχεσθε is imperative. Know the imperative forms.  What is the subject?The subject of verbs in the imperative mood is always you; imperative verbs are always in the second person. οψεσθε changes its stem in the future tense; and since this stem is deponent, it has the middle/passive ending here.
Normally, we would expect ηλθαν to be ηλθον and ειδαν to be ειδον. At times, for no apparent reason, both these verbs take first aorist verb endings (BBG 23.12).
Translate ως here as “about”. What part of speech is δεκατη?adjective  

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John 1:40

Ἦν Ἀνδρέας ὁ ἀδελφὸς Σίμωνος Πέτρου εἷς ἐκ τῶν δύο τῶν ἀκουσάντων παρὰ Ἰωάννου καὶ ἀκολουθησάντων αὐτῷ·

ανδρεας is the subject of ην.
ο αδελφος Σιμωνος Πετρου is in apposition to Ανδρεας.
εις is the PN of ην. Hence, it must be what case?A PN is always in the nominative case. ακουσαντων and ακολουθησαντων are both attributive participles. They modify δυο.

ακου-          stem
ακουσα          tense formative
ακουσαντ          participle morpheme
ακουσαντων          case ending

ακολουθε-          stem
ακολουθεσα           tense formative
ακολουθησα             principle 12
ακολουθησαντ            participle morpheme
ακολουθησαντων            case ending

ακολουθησαντων is deceptive since the θη looks like it might be the aorist passive tense formative, or the θησ could be confused with the future passive tense formative.
 

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John 1:41

εὑρίσκει οὗτος πρῶτον τὸν ἀδελφὸν τὸν ἴδιον Σίμωνα καὶ λέγει αὐτῷ·

Read GGBB p. 328 – section b – “For Personal Pronouns”. How does this apply to this verseThe pronoun ουτος here is functioning more like a simple third person pronoun.?
Σιμων is in apposition to αδελφον.
 

εὑρήκαμεν τὸν Μεσσίαν, ὅ ἐστιν μεθερμηνευόμενον χριστός.

Note the dependent clause.

εὑρ-          stem
εὑρη–           an eta is inserted after the stem; (MBG p. 314)
εὑρηκα            tense formative
εὑρηκαμεν           verb ending

The perfect tense reduplicates but the first letters (ευ) of εὑρηκαμεν do not accept the reduplication.
Does the perfect tense take primary endings or secondary endingsprimary endings; BBG p. 25.4? WhyOnly verbs with an augment take secondary endings.?
 

ὅ ἐστιν μεθερμηνευόμενον χριστός

Note the periphrastic construction.
This is an adjectival clause modifying Μεσσίαν.