Romans 2:1
Διὸ ἀναπολόγητος εἶ, ὦ ἄνθρωπε, πᾶς ὁ κρίνων. ἐν ᾧ γὰρ κρίνεις τὸν ἕτερον, σεαυτὸν κατακρίνεις· τὰ γὰρ αὐτὰ πράσσεις, ὁ κρίνων.
Therefore, indefensible you are, Oh man, all who are judging. For in what you judge the other, yourself you condemn, for you, who are judging, practice the same things .
Paraphrase: Now brothers and sisters, I am sure that you read this list of sins (Romans 1:26-32) with horror and revulsion. You want no part in this perverted and twisted way of life, but I ask you to consider carefully this fact. Some of you have set yourself up as the judge. Then, you rightly condemn the pagan gentiles for their perverted way of life. What you don’t realize is that your guilty sentence condemns you as much as it condemns these pagans. (John 8:7) That’s right; you are guilty of practicing the same kinds of sin as they.
Comments:
Schaff (bottom of right column p94): Uncharitable judging is itself a grave offence against the law which enjoins humility and charity as the very soul of virtue and piety. Besides, even the most moral men carry in themselves the seed of all vices, and if kept from open transgression, it is either by the grace of God preventing them, or by (Pharisaic and Stoic) pride, which is itself a sin against God, the sin of Satan and the fallen angels.
Denney (p595): The sin of the Jews was the same, but their sins were not.
Romans 2:2
οἴδαμεν δὲ ὅτι τὸ κρίμα τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐστιν κατὰ ἀλήθειαν, ἐπὶ τοὺς τὰ τοιαῦτα πράσσοντας.
Now we know that the judgment of God is according to truth on those practicing such things.
Paraphrase: Yes, we all agree that those persons who continue in such sins as these are condemned by God, and His wrath rests upon them. (Romans 1:18) Furthermore, we know that God never condemns anyone falsely; the sentence He passes is always consistent with truth and perfect justice. Therefore, these pagans receive the due reward for their sin. (Romans 1:27)
Comments:
Romans 2:3
λογίζῃ δὲ τοῦτο, ὦ ἄνθρωπε, ὁ κρίνων τοὺς τὰ τοιαῦτα πράσσοντας, καὶ ποιῶν αὐτά, ὅτι σὺ ἐκφεύξῃ τὸ κρίμα τοῦ Θεοῦ;
But consider this, Oh man, who are judging those who practice such sins and doing them, that you will escape the judgment of God?
Paraphrase: Now do you think that God will only punish pagans who have descended into such evil? Perhaps you think that you are God’s special people and that God has shown so much special love and favor to you (Exodus 19:4-5) that He will not punish you as He does the other nations. Is this true? Do you really think that you are exempt from God’s justice or will He punish everyone who lives in the practice of these sins? Think carefully about this and recall that God always acts in perfect justice and that He is no respecter of persons. (Acts 10:34; Romans 2:11; Galatians 2:6)
Comments:
Romans 2:4
ἢ τοῦ πλούτου τῆς χρηστότητος αὐτοῦ, καὶ τῆς ἀνοχῆς, καὶ τῆς μακροθυμίας καταφρονεῖς, ἀγνοῶν ὅτι τὸ χρηστὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ εἰς μετάνοιάν σε ἄγει;
or the riches of His kindness and His restraint and longsuffering do you despise? being ignorant that the goodness of God to repentance leads you?
Paraphrase: Perhaps you see that God has not yet punished you for your sin and maybe the thought has risen in your minds that God will overlook your sin and not punish you at all. (2 Peter 3:4) Dear friends, do not make such a fatal mistake. The delay in God’s judgments is not God overlooking your sin but is God giving you time and space to turn from your sin and to confess it. (Jeremiah 18:7-8; Jonah 3:10; 2 Peter 3:9) This is actually God’s goodness and kindness to you in that He has held back from punishing you so that you might be saved. In strict justice, He could have unleashed His wrath on you a long time ago and in perfect justice. Instead, He held back (Exodus 34:6-7; Numbers 14:18-19; Psalm 103:8-10) in order that you might recognize your sin and repent of it. Now will you mock God’s kindness (Deuteronomy 5:29) and continue in your sinful lifestyle?
Comments:
For καταφρονεῖς, consider principle 47.
Romans 2:5
Κατὰ δὲ τὴν σκληρότητά σου καὶ ἀμετανόητον καρδίαν, θησαυρίζεις σεαυτῷ ὀργὴν ἐν ἡμέρᾳ ὀργῆς καὶ ἀποκαλύψεως δικαιοκρισίας τοῦ Θεοῦ,
But according to your hardness and unrepentant heart, you treasure up for yourself wrath in the day of wrath and revelation of the just judgment of God.
Paraphrase: Now your refusal to confess your sin and to turn from it costs you dearly. You are investing (Matthew 6:19; Luke 12:21) in a fund that is going to pay you back large returns of God’s wrath and judgment. (Romans 1:27) You may not see or experience these judgments now, but the day is coming when God will show Himself as the judge of heaven and earth. Then, you will stand before His dreadful throne and receive the return on your investment. You will fall under the wrath of God to your eternal dismay and distress. (Jude 6-7)
Comments:
Romans 2:6
ὃς Ἀποδώσει ἑκάστῳ, κατὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ,
who will repay to each according to his works.
Paraphrase: On that day, God will note the investment you made in sin and will give you exactly what you are owed. (Job 34:11; Proverbs 24:12; Jeremiah 17:10; Matthew 16:27; 1 Corinthians 3:8; 2 Corinthians 5:10; Revelation 2:23; 20:12; 22:12)
Comments:
Romans 2:7
τοῖς μὲν καθ’ ὑπομονὴν ἔργου ἀγαθοῦ, δόξαν καὶ τιμὴν καὶ ἀφθαρσίαν ζητοῦσιν, ζωὴν αἰώνιον·
to those, on the one hand, who in patience of good work, glory and honor and immortality, [He will give] eternal life.
Paraphrase: On the one hand, to those whose life is devoted to doing good and are aiming to honor God in all they do and are looking for eternal life in the world to come, God will give eternal life. Such ones are investing in a fund that will repay them with heavenly rewards. (Matthew 6:20)
Comments:
ζωὴν αἰώνιον here is the object of Ἀποδώσει in the previous verse.
Romans 2:8
τοῖς δὲ ἐξ ἐριθείας καὶ ἀπειθοῦσι τῇ ἀληθείᾳ, πειθομένοις δὲ τῇ ἀδικίᾳ, ὀργὴ καὶ θυμός·
Romans 2:9
θλῖψις καὶ στενοχωρία ἐπὶ πᾶσαν ψυχὴν ἀνθρώπου τοῦ κατεργαζομένου τὸ κακόν, Ἰουδαίου τε πρῶτον, καὶ Ἕλληνος·
Romans 2:10
δόξα δὲ, καὶ τιμὴ, καὶ εἰρήνη παντὶ τῷ ἐργαζομένῳ τὸ ἀγαθόν, Ἰουδαίῳ τε πρῶτον, καὶ Ἕλληνι.
Romans 2:11
οὐ γάρ ἐστιν προσωπολημψία παρὰ τῷ Θεῷ.
Romans 2:12
Ὅσοι γὰρ ἀνόμως ἥμαρτον, ἀνόμως καὶ ἀπολοῦνται· καὶ ὅσοι ἐν νόμῳ ἥμαρτον, διὰ νόμου κριθήσονται·
Romans 2:13
οὐ γὰρ οἱ ἀκροαταὶ νόμου δίκαιοι παρὰ τῷ Θεῷ, ἀλλ’ οἱ ποιηταὶ νόμου δικαιωθήσονται.
Romans 2:14
Ὅταν γὰρ ἔθνη, τὰ μὴ νόμον ἔχοντα, φύσει τὰ τοῦ νόμου ποιῶσιν, οὗτοι νόμον μὴ ἔχοντες ἑαυτοῖς εἰσιν νόμος,
Romans 2:15
οἵτινες ἐνδείκνυνται τὸ ἔργον τοῦ νόμου, γραπτὸν ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις αὐτῶν, συμμαρτυρούσης αὐτῶν τῆς συνειδήσεως, καὶ μεταξὺ ἀλλήλων, τῶν λογισμῶν κατηγορούντων ἢ καὶ ἀ
πολογουμένων
Romans 2:16
ἐν 〈ᾗ〉 ἡμέρᾳ ‹ὅτε› κρίνει ὁ Θεὸς τὰ κρυπτὰ
τῶν ἀνθρώπων, κατὰ τὸ εὐαγγέλιόν μου, διὰ Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ.
Romans 2:17
Εἰ δὲ σ
ὺ Ἰουδαῖος ἐπονομάζῃ, καὶ ἐπαναπαύῃ νόμῳ, καὶ καυχᾶσαι ἐν Θεῷ·
Romans 2:18
καὶ γινώ
σκεις τὸ θέλημα, καὶ δοκιμάζεις τὰ διαφέροντα, κατηχούμενος ἐκ τοῦ νόμου·
Romans 2:19
πέποιθάς τε σεαυτὸν ὁδηγὸν εἶναι, τυφλῶν, φῶς τῶν ἐν σκότει,
Romans 2:20
παιδευτὴν ἀφρόνων, δ
ιδάσκαλον νηπίων, ἔχοντα τὴν μόρφωσιν τῆς γνώσεως καὶ τῆς ἀληθείας ἐν τῷ νόμῳ—
Romans 2:21
ὁ οὖν διδάσκων ἕτερον, σεαυτὸν οὐ διδάσκεις; ὁ κηρύσσων μὴ κλέπτειν, κλέπτεις;
Romans 2:22
ὁ λέγων μὴ μοιχεύειν, μοιχεύεις; ὁ βδελυσσόμενος τὰ εἴδωλα, ἱεροσυλεῖς;
Romans 2:23
ὃς ἐν νόμῳ καυχᾶσαι, διὰ τῆς παραβάσεως τοῦ νόμου, τὸν Θεὸν ἀτιμάζεις;
Romans 2:24
τὸ γὰρ, Ὄνομα τοῦ Θεοῦ δι’ ὑμᾶς βλασφημεῖται ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν, καθὼς γέγραπται.
Romans 2:25
Περιτομὴ μὲν γὰρ ὠφελεῖ, ἐὰν νόμον πράσσῃς· ἐὰν δὲ παραβάτης νόμου ᾖς, ἡ περιτομή σου ἀκροβυστία γέγονεν.
Romans 2:26
ἐὰν οὖν ἡ ἀκροβυστία, τὰ δικαιώματα τοῦ νόμου φυλάσσῃ, οὐχ ἡ ἀκροβυστία αὐτοῦ εἰς περιτομὴν λογισθήσεται;
Romans 2:27
καὶ κρινεῖ ἡ ἐκ φύσεως ἀκροβυστία, τὸν νόμον τελοῦσα, σὲ τὸν διὰ γράμματος καὶ περιτομῆς παραβάτην νόμου.
Romans 2:28
Οὐ γὰρ ὁ ἐν τῷ φανερῷ Ἰουδαῖός ἐστιν· οὐδὲ ἡ ἐν, τῷ φανερῷ ἐν σαρκὶ, περιτομή·
Romans 2:29
ἀλλ’ ὁ ἐν τῷ κρυπτῷ Ἰουδαῖος· καὶ περιτομὴ καρδίας, ἐν πνεύματι, οὐ γράμματι· οὗ ὁ ἔπαινος οὐκ ἐξ ἀνθρώπων, ἀλλ’ ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ.