The English demonstrative pronouns are this, that (singular) and these, those (plural).
- “this” and “these” are used to refer to things near;
- “that” and “those” to things far. video
Greek:
Greek has two demonstrative pronouns. ουτος is “this” or “these” and εκεινος is “that” or “those”. Study chapter 13 in BBG or this video.
| Masculine Singular | Feminine Singular | Neuter Singular | |
| Nominative | οὗτος | αὕτη | τοῦτο |
| Genitive | τούτου | ταύτης | τούτου |
| Dative | τούτῳ | ταύτῃ | τούτῳ |
| Accusative | τοῦτον | ταύτην | τοῦτο |
| Masculine Plural | Feminine Plural | Neuter Plural | |
| Nominative | οὗτοι | αὗται | ταῦτα |
| Genitive | τούτων | τούτων | τούτων |
| Dative | τούτοις |
ταύταις | τούτοις |
| Accusative | τούτους | ταύτας | ταῦτα |
| Masculine Singular | Feminine Singular | Neuter Singular | |
| Nominative | ἐκεῖνος | ἐκείνη | ἐκεῖνο |
| Genitive | ἐκείνου | ἐκείνης | ἐκείνου |
| Dative | ἐκείνῳ |
ἐκείνῃ | ἐκείνῳ |
| Accusative | ἐκεῖνον | ἐκείνην | ἐκεῖνο |
| Masculine Plural | Feminine Plural | Neuter Plural | |
| Nominative | ἐκεῖνοι | ἐκεῖναι | ἐκεῖνα |
| Genitive | ἐκείνων | ἐκείνων | ἐκείνων |
| Dative | ἐκείνοις | ἐκείναις | ἐκείνοις |
| Accusative | ἐκείνους | ἐκείνας | ἐκεῖνα |
- When a demonstrative functions as a substantive, its case is determined by its function in the sentence.
- If a demonstrative is functioning as an adjective, it will be in the predicate position although it is translated as an attributive adjective.
Hebrew:
Start on page 3 here. Note: the “far” demonstrative pronouns are identical to certain personal pronouns and can only be distinguished by the context. See this video or this video.
|
Parsing |
Hebrew |
Gloss |
|
masculine singular near |
זֶה |
this |
|
feminine singular near |
זֹאת |
this |
|
masculine singular far |
הוּא |
that |
|
feminine singular far |
הִיא |
that |
|
common plural near |
אֵלֶּה |
these |
|
masculine plural far |
הֵם / הֵמָּה |
those |
|
feminine plural far |
הֵנָּה |
those |