demonstrative pronoun

The English demonstrative pronouns are this, that (singular) and these, those (plural).   “This” and “these” are used to refer to things near; “that” and “those” to things far.  video


Greek:

Greek has two demonstrative pronouns.  ουτος is “this” or “these” and εκεινος is “that” or “those”.  Study chapter 13 in BBG or this video.

Masculine Singular Feminine Singular Neuter Singular
Nominative οὗτος αὕτη τοῦτο
Genitive τούτου ταύτης τούτου
Dative τούτῳ ταύτῃ τούτῳ
Accusative τοῦτον ταύτην τοῦτο
Masculine Plural Feminine Plural Neuter Plural
Nominative οὗτοι αὗται ταῦτα
Genitive τούτων τούτων τούτων
Dative τούτοις
ταύταις τούτοις
Accusative τούτους ταύτας ταῦτα
Masculine Singular Feminine Singular Neuter Singular
Nominative ἐκεῖνος ἐκείνη ἐκεῖνο
Genitive ἐκείνου ἐκείνης ἐκείνου
Dative ἐκείνῳ
ἐκείνῃ ἐκείνῳ
Accusative ἐκεῖνον ἐκείνην ἐκεῖνο
Masculine Plural Feminine Plural Neuter Plural
Nominative ἐκεῖνοι ἐκεῖναι ἐκεῖνα
Genitive ἐκείνων ἐκείνων ἐκείνων
Dative ἐκείνοις ἐκείναις ἐκείνοις
Accusative ἐκείνους ἐκείνας ἐκεῖνα

When a demonstrative functions as a substantive, its case is determined by its function in the sentence. If a demonstrative is functioning as an adjective, it is written in the predicate position although it is translated as an attributive adjective.


Hebrew:

Start on page 3 here.  Note: the “far” demonstrative pronouns are identical to certain personal pronouns and can only be distinguished by the context.   See this video or this video.

Parsing

Hebrew

Gloss

masculine singular near

 זֶה

this

feminine singular near

זֹאת

this

masculine singular far

הוּא

that

feminine singular far

הִיא

that

common plural near

אֵלֶּה

these

masculine plural far

הֵם / הֵמָּה

those

feminine plural far

הֵנָּה

those

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